Autor: Katja Lembke, Christine Wilkening-Aumann | Strony: 171–188
Streszczenie
Since many years Alexandria is in the focus of scholars who are interested in the cultural relations between Egypt and the Mediterranean in Ptolemaic and Roman times. But it is owing to Zsolt Kiss to have widen this discussion to Egyptians and Egyptianizing cults outside of Egypt and to Greeks and Romans living and working all over Egypt. In this regard, the necropolis of Tuna el-Gebel is of specific interest. Being placed far away from the Mediterranean in Middle Egypt, it is the largest cemetery of the Greco-Roman period in Egypt known so far. New geophysical techniques allow us to state this, although the excavated area covers only approximately 10% of the original necropolis extent. The tombs are also very specific: they consist of ‘temple tombs’ built of local limestone and of ‘tomb houses’ built of mudbrick. In this contribution we focus on two stone buildings in the southern part of the excavated area that expose some specific particularities. And while one of them represents the Egyptian type, the immediate neighbouring tomb has a Greek façade. Even more fascinating is the fact that behind the façade of the latter one a tomb enclosure with an Egyptian relief representing a procession towards Osiris is placed. Furthermore, the scenes show strong relations to the famous ‘Maison 21’ indicating a Roman date of this tomb. It disproves the belief of the excavator that the stone tombs all belong to the Ptolemaic period; on the contrary, local stones and mud bricks were alternatively used materials in Tuna el-Gebel well into Roman times.